Voting-machine.



W. J. WILKINSON. VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION men "1,29. 1914.

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VOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29. 1914'- 1 187 948. Patented Jun 20, 1916.

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VOIING MACHINE. APPL lCATION FILED APR.29, 1914.

Patented June 20, 1916.

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"QTNFEED STlATF-S PATENT @FFXCE.

WILLIAM J. WILKINSON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

VOTING-MACHINE.

Application filed April 29, 1914.

T 0 all 1071 am it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM J. VVILKIN- son, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Voting-Machines, of which the following is a'specification.

This invention relates to an improved voting machine'for use in municipal, county, State or national elections or may be as readily employed by corporations, associations or other bodies where it is desired to ascertain the sentiment of a majority on any question whatever.

The invention is especially designed for use in municipal, county, State or national elections by the people where a large number of persons are to cast their ballots.

Some of the objects of the invention are to provide an improved machine whereby the voting may be done expeditiously and with secrecy; that will prevent the voter from making the mistake, so common, of voting for more candidates for an office than he should and thereby in many parts of the country losing his entire ballot through such error. v

Other objects of the invention are to provide an improved construction of machine that will enable all evidence of the vote cast by one voter to be entirely destroyed, before another voter casts his vote, and which will enable the total vote to be readily ascertained without handling the ballots or removing them from the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved and convenient ballotreceiving means whereby the ballots for each candidate or each question voted upon may be separately contained and readily attached or detached.

.Vith these and other objects in view, the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein,-

Figure 1, illustrates the machine in the front end elevation. Fig. 2, shows the same in side elevation as viewed from one side thereof. Fig. 3, illustrates the invention in top plan on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4, illustrates an inverted or bottom plan View of the ballot releasing Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 20, 1916.

Serial No. 835,083.

means. Fig; 5, shows a cross sectional detail on a much enlarged scale through one of the ballot feed hoppers; ballot channels; releasing slides, actuating means and ballot storage receptacles. Fig. 6, illustrates a vertical cross sectional detail through one of the ballot receiving devices,the section being taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7, shows similar sectional detail through one of the ballot storage receptacles,this section being taken on the line 77 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8, illustrates a detail in top plan of notched key guiding bars with an abutment plate therein. Fig. 9, shows a vertical lrmgitl'ldinal section through the same,-this section being taken on the line 99 of Fig. 8. F 10, shows a cross sectional detail through one of the finger keys and an abutment plate. Fig. 11, shows a cross-sectional detail through one of the counter extractors and adjacent devices and shows one of the ballot devices extracted and in position vaiting to be released.

Referring to the drawing the numeral 13 designates a frame preferably mounted on casters 14, and having two vertical side-supporting walls 15 and16 and two vertical endsupporting walls 17 and 18, around the upper end of the frame. The end wall 17, is of a greater height than the end wall 18 and the upper edges of the side walls incline downwardly from the top of the higher end wall to the top of the lower end wall whereby to form an inclined support. On top of the support there is another frame having end walls 19 and 20 and side walls 21 and 22, respectively, which seat on and are sustained by the inclined support so as to be maintained in an inclined position. This second frame sustains an inclined plate 23, which is provided on its upper surface with a series of channels 24:, that extend from the higher toward the lower end of said plate. These channels are parallel but are separated one from another by an intervening wall.

A ballot feed hopper 25, extends crosswise of the higher end of the inclined plate 23, and adjacent to the upper or higher ends of all the channels 24, in said plate. This hopper contains a feed screw 26, whose threads 27, are of sufficient size to permit circular balls 28, which are utilized as bal lots, to pass dowmvardly and roll into the upper ends of the channels 2 1, so as to keep the latter filled with balls. Avcover 29, is provided for the hopper and a hand crank 30, extends through one end wall of the hopper by which the screw may be retated at intervals to allow the balls to pass from the hopper into the channels.

At the lower end of each channel 24, the inclined plate 23, is provided with a perforation 31, shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, and beneath the plate and each channel thereof, there is located a ball extractor 32 which has the form of a narrow sliding bar with a downwardly extending stop plate 33, at the inner end and a finger actuating plate 31, at the opposite or outer end. It is to be understood that there will be as many ball extractors as there are channels and that each extractor will be entirely separate and independent of all the other extractors. Each ball extractor is provided with a. per foration 35, which normally registers with the perforation 31, at the end of the channel directly over it, so that a ball from said channel may, when the perforations 31 and are in register roll from the channel into the perforation 31, and at the same time the ball previously in perforation 31, may drop into perforation 35, in the extractor.

Beneath the ball extractors there is provided a ball releasing plate 36, which latter extends crosswise of and directly beneath all of the extractors. In the present instance the inner ends of all the extractors slat on the releasing plate and have sliding longitudinal movement thereon, as will presently be explained. This ball. releasing plate 36, forms a crossbar of a movable frame in that it is rigidly connected to slid able bars 37, at opposite sides thereof, which latter seat on short sustaining plates 38, that are carried by the side walls 21 and 22 of the second frame, of which end walls 19 and 20 are a part.

In the present machine, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4t, of the drawings, there are two parallel ballot or ball hoppers from each of which a set of ball channels extend downwardly in an inclined direction. It will also be noted that each set of ball channels has its own set of ball extractors and ball releasing plate. Inasmuch as these two sets of devices are precisely alike only one of them is described. F or these reasons the bottom plan view shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing illustrates two ball releasing plates 36, as carried by the bars 3737, at two opposite ends thereof so that the movement of both releasing plates will be effected at the same time as will presently be explained. It is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in a machine where only one ballot feed hopper, one set of ballot extractors and one ballot releasing plate are employed, or it may employ a plurality of hoppers, sets of extractors and releasing plates. At the forward end, each ball releasing plate has a series of notches 3i), which in the present instance are located along the edge of the said plate and said notches are so spaced as to be located under the ball extractors 32, and in alinement with the perforations 35, in said extractors. A lever 40, has one end 4L1, pivoted to a stationary cross-bar 4-2, which is carried by the second frame and said lever extends across said under side and has an operating handle end 43, that projects through a slot 14, in the side wall 22, of said second frame. A link, 45, is pivotally attached to the lever 40, in the present instance substantially midway between its ends and said link has its other end pivotally attached to a plate 46, which is rigidly attached to the bottom of one of the ball releasing plates 36, as already shown in Fig. 4% of the drawing.

From the foregoing explanation it will be clearly seen that when the handle end 43, of the lever 10, is moved across the slot 44, toward the end wall 19, that the link 45, will draw on plate 46, and thereby move ball releasing plate 36 and the frame carrying it inwardly and toward wall 19. The object of this will presently be explained.

By referring again to Fig. 41-, it will be seen that a bell, 4.7, is attached to the under side of bar 42, and adjacent to lever -10, and that an. actuating lever +1 8, is pivoted to the bar and is connected to lever 10, by a short link When lever id, is moved link M) will operate lever 18, and swing it against the bell. lever 50, thereby moving said bell lever and ringing the bell each time the ball releasing plate 36, and the frame of which it forms a part, is actuated. It will thus be seen. that balls or ballots 28, are fed fromhopper 25, into the ball channels 24, down which they roll. At the lower end each channel has the perforation 31, so that the foremost balls will dropinto said perforations. The ball extractors have position directly beneath the channels and each extractor has a perforation 35, which normally registers with the perforation 31, so that the foremost ball will drop into the extractor perforation and remain therein while the next ball will remain in the perforation 31, at the lower end of the channel, as clearly shown in Fig. 5. The ball in the perforation of the extractor will seat on the top of the releasing plate and these balls are only released when the election official. operates the releasing plate after the voter has set all the extractors representing candidates or questions to be voted for, as will also be presently explained.

The number of ball channels and extractors in use'will be determined by the number of candidates running for various oiiices to be filled at any one election. In the present instance Fig. 3, shows the machine as employing fifty-one extractors for candidates and questions to be voted upon. One additional channel and extractor is shown which is employed to give the total number of voters that have voted. This feature will presently be explained. On top of the channels the machine is provided with a cover plate or slide 51, the upper surface of which is ruled oil so as to provide in the present instance two columns 52 and 53, respectively. The purpose of column 52 is to contain the name of the oltiee for which candidates are running and the column 53 is to contain the names of the candidates running for the respective offices.

By referring to Fig. 3, of the drawing it will be noted that in the present instance column 541 is divided into blocks or spaces 55, 56, 57, 58,59 and and that at one side cf block 54 there are five spaces for the nani of candidates all of whom are running for the same oliicc which office will be marked or printed on the plate or slide 51 in the said block 54. Fer example, block 54, represents the otlice of senator but only one senator is to be elected. There are five candidates, however, running forthat office and the names of those five candidates will be printed on the tiyc lines radiating or leading from block 51-. In the case of block 57, it will be presumed that said latter block represents the space in which directions for voting for a judgeship will appear. In this instance three lines extend laterally from said block 57 indicating that three candidates are running for the office. In this instance only one judge is to be elected, as will presently be made clear. By further reference to Fig. 3, it will be noted. that a long space or block 61 is located at the right hand and adjacent to the ballot hopper 29 and that at one side of said latter space there are, in the present instance, twentyfour spaces to contain the names of twentytour canc'iidates all of whom. are to run for membership, say to the house of delegates. In this instance, of the twenty-four candidates only six are to elected. Obviously it is immaterial to the present invention as to what ofiices are to be filled or how many candidates are to run for each oiiice. Each space 53, for the names of the candidates is lccated on the printed cover-plate or slide 51, directly over a ball extractor 32, whose linger actuating plate 34, extends upwardly in front of and in alinement with said space. A plate of suitable t"ansi,;arent material 62, may have position over the operating ends of the ball extractors.

In front of each row of finger-actuating plates 34:, of the ballot extractors I locate two separated guide bars 63, as shown on an enlarged scale in Figs. 5, 8 and 9, of the drawings. These guide bars extend crosswise of the ends of the ballot extractors and on their confronting inner vertical edges are provided with vertical notches Ge -the notches in one bar being directly opposite and in alinement with the notches in the other bar, as cle'. 'l seen in Fig. 8. The space intervening between the notches along each bar is substantially equal to the width of each ballot extractor 32-, for a purpose which will presently he explained. He movable abutment plates (55, are located at intervals along and between the opposite ends of the bars 63, the ends of the said plates entering the opposed notches and extending cross-wise of the channel 56, which is formed by spacing the bars. These abutment plates are placed cross-wise of the channel (36, at points to one side of but in alinement with the divisional lines that separate adjacent blocks. As an example it will be noted by reference to Fig. 3, of the drawing that an abutment plate (55, is located opposite the lowermost ballot extractorof block or space 54, and the uppermost ballot extractor of block or space 55 5 another plate 65, has position opposite the lowermost ballot extractor of block or space 55 and the uppermost ballot extractor of block or space 56. It will thus be understood that at the point where the set of ballot extractors for one set of candidates terminates and the ballot extractors for another set of candidates begin one of the plates 65, will be located.

A series of finger keys 67, have positions in front of the operating ends of the ballot extractors. These keys extend cross-wise of the bars 63, and straddle the latter,the two ends of each key project down at the outer side of each bar and the intermediate portion 68, bridges and extends over channel 66, that is formed by separating the bars, as clearly shown in Fig. 5. These keys are disconnected from each other and are free to slide longitudinally ofthe bars 63, but are held down in place by means of a plate 69, which extends over all the keys in the row. The number of keys will be determined by the number of candidates running for each ofiice and the keys for one set of candidates are separated from those of another set of candidates by the interposition of an abutment plate 65, which latter is held in the notches (l t, by the same plate 69, that holds the keys down and prevents their removal.

As an example it will be seen by referring to Fig. 3, of the drawing that in block 54, there are spaces for the names of five candidates and that there are five ballot extractors one for each candidate. It will also be noted bars 63 between the fifth and sixth ballot extractor so as to prevent the keys for the candidates running for oflice which block 5 f represents, from being moved opposite the names of the candidates in the next block 55. It will also be noted that while there are five candidates and five ballot extractors for the office represented by block 54:, there are only four keys, because only one candidate for that oflice is to be elected, and any one voter should only vote for one candidate in that block. It will be further noted in said Fig.

3, that the finger keys for all the blocks of each set of candidates are close together so that a space in which there is no key will be provided at one end of each block only and said space is located at the same end of each block. This closing together of all keys in a block is effected by means of coiled springs 70, which are placed in the channel 66, so that one end thereof will seat against the abutment plate 65, and the other end of the spring will press against a depending projection 71. on the under side of the finger key that is nearest to the said abutment plate as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawing. By means of these springs,one for each set of keys, the latter are pushed away from the abutment plate against which the spring is seated and crowded together against the abutment plate at the opposite end of the set of keys, thereby keeping the keys normally crowded together and leaving only as many spaces as there are candidates to be elected for that particular office. As previously stated, the finger keys are located adjacent to the operating ends of the ballot extractors and it will be noted that said keys are sufficiently close to said extractor ends to prevent any extractor from being pulled out by the fingers while a key is directly in its path of movement.

From the foregoing explanation it will be understood that if a voter desires to vote for the candidate whose name appears on space 72, in Fig. 3, he must move the finger keys 73 and 74 toward the abutment plate 65, so as to leave a space in front of the ballot extractor 72. Then while holding the two keys 73 and 74, against the plate 65, the voter will draw out the extractor that registers with the space 72, so as to project said extractor in the space that has been made to receive it whereupon he may release the finger keys 73 and 74 which latter will be retained in the moved position because the extractor for space 72 has been left projected. Obviously when the one extractor has been left pulled out so as to draw a ball ballot 28, from the perforation 31, no other extractor can be pulled out in that same set because the finger keys are locked on opposite sides of the projected extractor. By this means the voter cannot vote for more than one candidate in the set represented by block 54, and he will proceed to block 55, where the operation is repeated and continue to draw out the extractors for his chosen candidates until the extractors for all candidates for whom he is entitled to vote have been projected. The mere pulling out of the ballot extractors does not register the vote, but it simply moves one ball ballot from beneath the supply perforation 31, and places it in a. position, see Fig. 11,where the ball releasing plate 36, can release all of the projected balls when said plate is operated through the movement of lever 40, by the election ofiicial who has charge of the machine. During the voting operation, or the period the voter is projecting the selected ballot extractors, the election officials view of the actions of the voter is shut off by means of the walls 7 7 and i i 78, that extend well up above the ballot extractors so that the vote cast by the voter will be secret. After all the extractors of the candidates for which the voter may vote have been projected, the voter will indicate to the election ofiicial that hisentire vote is ready to be cast, whereupon said official will swing lever 40, rearwardly or toward wall 19, so that the notches 39, in the edges of the ballot-releasing plates 36, will be brought into register with the perforations 35, of the projected ballot extractors and the ball ballots in those particular projected extractors V will drop through said notches, each into a channel beneath it which will presently be described.

For the purpose of determining the total number of voters a ball extractor 79, is provided. This ball extractor has a perforation ing extractor has no means by which a voter may actuate it. The rear end of this countmg extractor 79, (see Flg. 4) is connected by stem 81, which latter is ,freely connected with the operating lever 40, so that each time the lever is actuated a ball will be freed i by said counting extractor and conveyed 3 by a channel to a container precisely like those utilized for the storage of the ballots for candidates, which will now be explained. Beneath each notch 39, of the ball or ballot releasing plates 36, there is provided a vertical partition 82, shown best in Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings. Each partition has a vertical receiving channel 83, and an inclined channel 84, leading downwardly therefrom so that each ball will be dropped from its extractor through a notch 39, in the releasing plate and then into a receiving channel 83, down which it will roll by gravity. Depending from the under side of the partitions are a plurality of supporting shelves 85, which are to sustain a series of separate and independent ballot storage receptacles .86. The receptacles are narrow like the partitions 82, and each has a handle pull 87, for convenience in drawing them out or pushing them into place, as shown in broken lines in Fig. 1. Each ballot receptacle has a zig-zag channel 88, extending 5 downwardly therethrongh, the upper end of the channel being in register with the discharge end of channel 8%, in the partition above it so that a ball released. from an extractor may roll down channel 8%, of the 10, partition with which it registers and then into the upper end of the zigzag channel 88, of the storage receptacle that is to receive and retain it. These Zigzag channels 88, are preferably exposed at one side of the storage receptacle and suitable graduationsor marks 89 are provided along the channel so that the number of ball ballots therein may be readily counted or determined.

Nhen the ball releasing plate 36, is moved by the swinging lever 40, said plate is shifted or moved in a direction away from the linger keys, and in making this movement the edge 90, of the releasing plate will. engage the dependin stop plates 33, of all the ballot extractors that had been moved by the voter so as to return said extractors to their normal inner positions. Upon withdrawing the projecting ends of the ballot extractors from between the separated finger keys, where the voter placed them, the keys will be freed and the springs cooperating therewith will push them back to their normal positions thereby destroying all evidence of the vote cast by the voter so that the next voter cannot know how the last voter cast his ballot. Each time lever l0 is actuated to release the ball ballots the bell l-T, will ring to indicate that the vote has been cast and registered.

It is to be understood that the present invention is also adapted to record votes for or against a constitutional amendment or for or against a loan or any other question that may come before the people. In such instance a block containing two spaces only will be uti-. lized and one lateral space from said block will contain the words For The Amendment or For The Loan while the other block will contain the words Against The Amendment or Against The Loan. In any event, a ballextractor will be utilized to record votes for and another ball-extractor willbe utilized to record votes against the proposition under consideration, and in this case only one finger key will be utilized so that it may be moved in front of the extractor that represents that side of the question against which the voter is casting his ballot, the operation being precisely the same as when voting for a candidate. It is therefore to be understood that wherever the term candidate ment of the printed spaces or blocks on the plate or slide 51, will vary to suit each election and that the abutment plates 65, and finger keys 67, will be varied to correspond with the number of candidates running for any one otlice,th.e adjustment of the plates being accomplished by simply removing the strip (39, and lifting the plates from one set of notches 6i, and inserting them in another set off notches.

In the present arrangement of the ballot storage receptacles 86, the same are located directly beneath the ball extractors and channel which each of them represents and in practice each candidate together with his ballot-extractor and the ballot storage receptacle will be numbered so as to prevent confusion. The ballot storage receptacles will preferably be of sufficient capacity to retain all the ballots of any one candidate for an ordinary election so that when the election is over and the polls close it will only be necessary to withdraw the storage receptacles in numerical. order and compare the balls therein with the graduations on the side of the zig-zag passage in which the balls are stored, thereby at a glance reading the total vote for that candidate or for or against a public question.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is,

1. In a voting machine the combination with moans for showing the names of the respective candidates in a group, of a ballot receptacle tohold ballots for the candidates; a movable ballot extractor for each candidate; linger keys for each group of candidates, there being a less number of finger keys for a group than there are candidates in that group,-said keys being movable with respect to the ballot extractors to per- .mit the movement of only so many extractors in the group as there are candidates to be elected in that group, and means for displacing the linger keys to destroy the evidence of the vote.

2. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates in a group, of a ballot receptacle to hold ballots for the candidates; a movable ballot extractor for each candidate; finger keys to lock all ballot extractors in excess of the number of candidates for whom a voter may vote, and means for returning the extractors and finger keys a voter has operated to a normal position to destroy the evidence of his vote.

3. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of respective candidates in a group, of a ballot receptacle to hold ballots for the candidates; a ballot extractor means for each candidate; finger keys to look all the extractor means in excess of the number of ballot extractors a voter may operate in voting; means for te1nporarily retaining the extracted ballots until a voter has operated all the extractors he desires; means for releasing all of the ex tracted ballots simultaneously and means for returning the extractors and finger keys to a normal position.

l. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the re- ;ective candidates, of a ballot supply hopper; a ballot extractor for each candidate and each extrac or having means to hold one ballot at a time said ballot extractors being mmrable longitudinally; finger keys adjacent to the ballot extractors and movable to and from the paths of the extractors to limit the number of extractors that may be operated by any one voter and a separate ballot receptacle to receive the ballots extracted by each extractor.

5. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ball channel for each candidate; a ball supply hopper communicating with said channels; a ball extractor means for each channel and each extractor having a pocket to receive one ball at a time from its :teed channel and finger keys movable across the path of the ball extractor means to expose only so many extractors as a voter is entitled to operate.

6. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ball channel for each candidate; a ball supply hopper commimicating with said channels; a ball extractor means for each channel and each extractor having a pocket to receive one ball at a time from its teed. channel; a ball releasing means to temporarily hold the extracted balls in their extractors until all the extractors a voter intends operating have been actuated and means for actuating the ball releasing means to free the balls.

7. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing in a group the names of the respective candidates for any one otlice, of a ball channel for each candidate in said group; a ball extractor means also for each candidate in the group; finger keys for each group of candidates, said. keys in number being equal to the difference between the total number of candidates in a group and the number of candidates to be elected in that group, and means for yieldingly holding all the finger keys normally crowded together.

8. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing in groups the names of the respective candidates for the oflice the group represents; of a ballot extractor for each candidate in the group, said extractors being accessible to the voter for actuation; finger keys adjacent to the operating ends of each group of ballot extractors; means for separating the finger keys of one group of candidates from those of another group of candidates and means for yieldingly holding the keys of each group normally crowded together.

9. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ballot extractor adjacent to the name of each candidate; ballot channels for feedin ballots to the extractors; finger keys ad acent to and in the path of the operating ends of. the ballot extractors, said keys being movable crosswise of the extractor-ends to limit the number of extractors thatmay be operated to extract ballots; a ballot releasing plate beneath the ballot extractors and means for actuating said plate to release all the ballots simultaneously.

10. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ballot extractor in alinement with the name of each candidate and each ballot extractor having a ballotrecciving opening; a ballot-feed channel for each extractor; finger keys movably sustained in the path of the ballot extractors; means for yieldingly crowding the finger keys together whereby they may be separated to permit the desired ballot extractor to be drawn out; means for temporarily sustaining the drawn out ballots and means for moving the said sustaining means to release the ballots and to return the ballot extractors.

11. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ballot extractor in alinement with the name of each candidate and' each ballot extractor having a ballot-receiving opening; a ballot-feed channel for each extractor; finger keys movably sustained in the path of the ballot extractors; means for yieldingly crowding the finger keys together whereby they may be separated to permit the desired ballot extractors toibe drawn out; means for temporarily sustaining the drawn out ballots; means for moving the said sustaining means to release the ballots and return the extractors and means for recording each operation of the sustaining means.

12. In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of the respective candidates, of a ball channel for each candidate; ball extractor means for each channel; spaced apart guide bars extending crosswise of the operating ends of the extractors; finger keys slidable on said bars and yielding means between the bars for yieldingly crowding the finger keys together.

13; In a voting machine the combination with means for showing the names of respective candidates, of a ball channel for each candidate; ball extractor means for I each channel; spaced apart guide bars exfor crowding the keys for each set of candi- 10 tending crosswise of the operating ends of dates together.

the extractors; finger keys slidable on said In testimony whereof I affix my signature bars, abutment plates sustained at intervals in presence of two witnesses.

' along the spaced apart bars and separating the finger keys for the candidates for one WILLIAM WILKINSON offic from those for the candidates of an- Witnesses:

other office and yielding means between said JOHN W. Hnwns,

bars and also between the abutment plates JIIAS. B. MANN.'

Copies of this patent may be obtained forfive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C." 

